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| Registros recuperados: 20 | |
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| Ahmed, Mohamed A. M.; Ehui, Simeon K.; Assefa, Yemesrach. |
| Ethiopia holds large potential for dairy development due to its large livestock population, the favorable climate for improved, high-yielding animal breeds, and the relatively disease-free environment for livestock. Given the considerable potential for smallholder income and employment generation from high-value dairy products, development of the dairy sector in Ethiopia can contribute significantly to poverty alleviation and nutrition in the country. Like other sectors of the economy, the dairy sector in Ethiopia has passed through three phases or turning points, following the economic and political policy in the country. In the most recent phase, characterized by the transition towards market-oriented economy, the dairy sector appears to be moving... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Dairy; Livestock; Dairy products industry; Livestock productivity; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; East Africa; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60321 |
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| Benin, Samuel; Gebremedhin, Berhanu; Smale, Melinda; Pender, John L.; Ehui, Simeon K.. |
| On farm conservation of crop diversity poses obvious policy challenges in terms of the design of appropriate incentive mechanisms and possible trade-offs between conservation and productivity. This paper compares factors explaining the inter-specific diversity (diversity among species) and infra-specific diversity (diversity among varieties within a species) of cereal crops grown in communities and on individual farms in the northern Ethiopian highlands. Using named varieties and ecological indices of spatial diversity (richness, evenness, and inverse dominance), we find that a combination of factors related to the agro-ecology of a community, its access to markets, and the characteristics of its households and farms significantly affect both the inter-... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Household Farms; Communities; Ethiopia; Agrobiodiversity; On Farm Conservation; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16101 |
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| Ehui, Simeon K.; Delgado, Christopher L.. |
| Processing of meat and crops accounts for a large share of manufacturing in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The paper assesses empirically the impact of hypothesized productivity change in agro-food processing on growth, trade, employment, and input and output prices in SSA, using a 13 commodity, 7 region version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) applied general equilibrium model with a 1995 database. Results are compared to impacts of factor-neutral and biased technical change in primary agricultural production-- grains, non-grain crops, and livestock--overall and with respect to the agrofood sector itself. A given percentage increase in total factor productivity in primary agricultural production is shown by every criterion to have much greater... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99868 |
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| Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.; Holloway, Garth J.; Ehui, Simeon K.. |
| Identifying ways to increase market participation by smallholder producers requires identifying variables that influence market access. This is usually achieved using probit estimation. An important phenomenon affecting entry decision-making is the entry decision of a 'similar' household, where similarity is measured in terms of 'location.' When neighborhood influences are significant, it is important to allow for them in discrete decision contexts, such as probit estimation. This paper, therefore, assesses the magnitude of neighborhood influences in smallholder decisions concerning market entry. The empirical model is based on a cross-section of (110) farms situated in northern Philippines, visited (twice) in the 2000-2001 production year (a panel of... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25860 |
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| Ehui, Simeon K.; Tsigas, Marinos E.. |
| Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is the most important development challenge of the 21st century. Poverty is higher in most African countries than elsewhere in the developing world. According to the recently published Report of the Commission for Africa, economic growth in Africa is necessary for substantially reducing poverty. Among three proposed policy options, the Commission recommends that African countries invest significantly in agriculture. But policy makers in the region face a dilemma: which subsector within agriculture will yield the highest return for a given budget? This paper uses a computable general equilibrium model to simulate productivity gains in sub-Sahara African agriculture subject to trade-offs between gains in crops and gains in livestock.... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25527 |
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| Ehui, Simeon K.; Tsigas, Marinos E.. |
| Poverty is higher in most African countries than elsewhere in the developing world, and highest in the rural areas. Accelerating growth in agriculture will therefore be critical to sustain growth and reduce poverty, but policy makers are unsure which sub-sector will yield the highest return for a given budget. This paper uses an applied general equilibrium model to simulate productivity gains in sub-Saharan agriculture subject to trade-offs between gains in crops and gains in livestock. The simulated results suggest three conclusions. First, most sub-Saharan economies gain more from research and development (R&D) investment in crops than in livestock, though the SACU (South African Customs Union) economies and Madagascar benefit from sharing it between... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Livestock research; Development; Investment; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57018 |
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| Delgado, Christopher L.; Rosegrant, Mark W.; Steinfeld, Henning; Ehui, Simeon K.; Courbois, Claude B.. |
| The combined per capita consumption of meat, eggs, and milk in developing countries grew by about 50 per cent from the early 1970s to the early 1990s. As incomes rise and cities swell, people in the developing world are diversifying their diets to include a variety of meats, eggs, and dairy products. This trend toward diversified eating habits is likely to continue for some time to come and it has led to considerable controversy about the risks and opportunities involved. Some observers fear that greatly increased demand for feed grains will raise the price of cereals to the poor. Others are concerned that higher concentration of livestock production near cities adds to pollution. Still others worry about the public health effects of increased consumption... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42276 |
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| Preckel, Paul V.; Ahmed, Mohamed A. M.; Ehui, Simeon K.. |
| Mathematical programming analysis has been quite effective for commercial farm planning in developed countries, but less so for subsistence farms in developing countries. In particular, it is difficult to reproduce the level of diversification observed on subsistence farms using a simple profit maximization framework. This paper proposes an alternative to the minimum consumption requirement approach for modeling subsistence farming households by treating consumption explicitly through a demand system motivated by Cobb-Douglas utility. A typical, linear programming-based production system is incorporated, allowing for the production of crops and livestock subject to constraints on resource availability. The approach successfully predicts consumption... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20641 |
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| Ahmed, Mohamed A. M.; Preckel, Paul V.; Ehui, Simeon K.. |
| Access to credit is one strategy for promoting the adoption of yield-enhancing technologies. However, advancing credit to smallholder farmers for encouraging technology adoption is a complex policy issue. The objective of this paper is to identify appropriate and sustainable credit repayment policies to encourage intensification in the Ethiopian Highlands. Using a household model, we analyze the impact of advancing in-kind credit in the form of fertilizer and seed to smallholder farmers in the Ethiopian highlands and alternative credit repayment strategies. The results indicate that in kind input credit of fertilizer and seed provided to farmers in the highland of Ethiopia increased the value of household crop output moderately and hence allowed the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25514 |
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| Costales, Achilles; Delgado, Christopher L.; Catelo, Maria Angeles; Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.; Tiongco, Marites M.; Ehui, Simeon K.; Bautista, Anne Zillah. |
| Research has shown that gainful participation in livestock markets is an important means of reducing poverty in developing countries, particularly for rural and periurban households. The rapid growth in demand for meat and milk, along with the corresponding expansion of livestock markets to connect consumers and suppliers, presents real opportunities for smallholders to generate income by raising livestock. Nevertheless, the structural changes associated with increasing urbanization taking place in these markets, the greater integration between domestic and global markets, and the emergence of a more stringent regulatory environment also present significant threats to participation by poor households. Further, as the market for livestock products rapidly... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Pork industry and trade; Philippines; Swine breeders; Small Farms; Agriculture and state; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37880 |
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| Pender, John L.; Place, Frank; Ehui, Simeon K.. |
| Low agricultural productivity, land degradation and poverty are severe interrelated problems in the East African highlands. While the proximate causes of such problems are relatively well known, the underlying causes are many and complex, and depend upon many site-specific factors that vary greatly across the diverse circumstances of the region. Thus, no “one-size-fits-all” policy, institutional or technology strategy is likely to suffice to generate sustainable development. While common elements of successful strategies to exist, such as security and macroeconomic stability, the appropriate portfolio of investments in physical, human, natural and social capital will likely be different in different circumstances. In this paper, we argue that the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16061 |
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| Pender, John L.; Gebremedhin, Berhanu; Benin, Samuel; Ehui, Simeon K.. |
| This paper investigates the impacts of population growth, market access, agricultural credit and technical assistance programs, land policies, livelihood strategies and other factors on changes in land management, natural resource conditions and human welfare indicators since 1991 in the northern Ethiopian highlands, based on a survey of 198 villages. We find that population growth has contributed significantly to land degradation, poverty and food insecurity in this region. In contrast, better market access and some credit and technical assistance programs were associated with improvement (or less decline) in land quality, wealth and food security; suggesting the possibility of "win-win-win" development outcomes with appropriate interventions. Land... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land degradation; Sustainable agriculture; Population pressure; Ethiopian highlands; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16121 |
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| Benin, Samuel; Smale, Melinda; Gebremedhin, Berhanu; Pender, John L.; Ehui, Simeon K.. |
| On farm conservation of crop diversity entails policy challenges, especially when the diversity of crops maintained on farms has both inter-specific (among crops) and infra-specific (within a crop) components. Survey data is used to compare the determinants of inter- and infra-specific diversity on household farms in the highlands of northern Ethiopia. Physical features of the farm, and household characteristics such as livestock assets and the proportion of adults that are men, have large and significant effects on both the diversity among and within cereal crops grown, varying among crops. Demographic aspects such as age of household head and adult education levels affect only infra-specific diversity of cereals. Though there are no apparent trade-offs... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25833 |
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| Ehui, Simeon K.; Tsigas, Marinos E.. |
| Blessed with abundant land and water resources, Nigeria’s agricultural sector has a high potential for growth, but this potential is not being realized. Productivity is low and basically stagnant. Farming systems, which are mostly small in scale, are still predominantly subsistence-based and for the most part depend on the vagaries of the weather. Many agricultural policies have also been ineffective, either because they have been misguided, or because their impacts have been swamped by macro policies affecting inflation, exchange rates, and the cost of capital. Recognizing these challenges, the Federal Government of Nigeria has identified the modernization of the agricultural sector as a major priority. In this paper we have applied the Global Trade... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Development. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51787 |
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| Registros recuperados: 20 | |
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